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1 Pullman, George Mortimer
[br]b. 3 March 1831 Brocton, New York, USAd. 19 October 1897 Chicago, Illinois, USA[br]American inventor of the Pullman car.[br]Pullman was initially a cabinet-maker in Albion, New York, and then became a road-works contractor in Chicago. Observing a need for improved sleeping accommodation on trains, he arranged in 1858 with the Chicago \& Alton Railroad to convert two of their coaches into sleeping cars by incorporating upper berths hinged to the sides of the car. These and a third car entered service in 1859 and were popular with passengers, but other railways were reluctant to adopt them.Pullman moved to the Colorado mining area and kept a general store, but in 1863 he returned to Chicago. With Ben Field he spent a year building the car Pioneer, which not only incorporated the folding upper berths but also had seats arranged to convert into lower berths. When Pioneer entered service, the travelling public was enthusiastic: Pullman and Field built more cars, and an increasing number of railways arranged to operate them under contract. In 1867 Pullman and Field organized the Pullman Palace Car Company, which grew to have five car-building plants. Pullman introduced a combined sleeping/restaurant car in 1867 and the dining car in 1868.In 1872 James Allport, General Manager of the Midland Railway in Britain, toured the USA and was impressed by Pullman cars. He arranged with Pullman for the American company to ship a series of Pullman cars to Britain in parts for Midland to assemble at its works at Derby. The first, a sleeping car, was completed early in 1874 and entered service on the Midland Railway. Several others followed the same year, including the first Pullman Parlor Car, a luxury coach for day rather than overnight use, to enter service in Europe. Pullman formed the Pullman Palace Car Company (Europe), and although the Midland Railway purchased the Pullman cars running on its system a few years later, Pullman cars were used on many other railways in Britain (notably the London Brighton \& South Coast Railway) and on the continent of Europe. In 1881 the Pullman Parlor Car Globe, running in Britain, became the first vehicle to be illuminated by electric light.[br]Bibliography1864. jointly with Field, US patent no. 42,182 (upper berth).1865, jointly with Field, US patent no. 49,992 (the seat convertible into a lower berth).Further ReadingC.Hamilton Ellis, 1965, Railway Carriages in the British Isles, London: George Allen \& Unwin, Ch. 6 (describes the introduction of Pullman cars to Europe).PJGRBiographical history of technology > Pullman, George Mortimer
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2 Pullman, George Mortimer
(1831-1897) Пулман (Пульман), Джордж МортимерИзобретатель и промышленник. В 1858-59 построил первые три спальных вагона [ sleeping car]. В 1863 получил патент на конструкцию верхнего и нижнего спальных мест в вагоне, а в 1865 представил первый пульмановский вагон "Пионер". В 1867 создал компанию "Пульман пэлас кар" [Pullman Palace Car Co.], которая вскоре стала крупнейшей в мире вагоностроительной фирмой. К югу от г. Чикаго построил при одном из своих заводов для рабочих и служащих город Пульман, который позднее слился с г. Чикаго. В 1894 на этом заводе произошла крупная стачка рабочих [ Pullman Strike]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Pullman, George Mortimer
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3 Pullman, George Mortimer
Пульман, Джордж Мортимер (1831—97), изобретатель и промышленник. Предложил переоборудовать вагоны с сидячими местами в спальные [*pullman cars], в 1867 основал компанию по производству таких вагонов [Pullman Palace Car Company]; тж. разработал идею вагона-ресторана [dining car, 1887]США. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > Pullman, George Mortimer
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4 Pullman car
ж-дпульман, пульмановский вагонЖелезнодорожный вагон первого класса, тип плацкартного вагона, в котором на ночь все сидячие места переоборудуются в спальные, а пространство вагона делится на купе различных размеров. В каждом купе предусмотрен встроенный туалет и умывальник. Создан в 1865 Дж. М. Пульманом [ Pullman, George Mortimer]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Pullman car
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5 Land transport
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Austin, HerbertHamilton, Harold LeeIssigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold ConstantineMa JunMorris, William RichardSauerbrun, Charles de -
6 Railways and locomotives
Biographical history of technology > Railways and locomotives
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7 dining car
ж-дПервый пульмановский вагон-ресторан [ Pullman, George Mortimer] под названием "Делмонико" [Delmonico] был построен в 1868; в типичном меню предлагались блюда из мяса буйвола [ buffalo], лося [elk], антилопы; бифштексы [ steak], бараньи отбивные и жареные куропатки - по цене один доллар.
См. также в других словарях:
Pullman, George Mortimer — ► (1831 97) Industrial estadounidense. Fundó la Pullman Palace Car Company, origen de los coches cama ferroviarios … Enciclopedia Universal
George Mortimer Pullman — George M. Pullman George Mortimer Pullman (* 3. März, 1831 in Brocton, Chautauqua County; † 9. Oktober 1897 in Chicago) war ein US amerikanischer Erfinder und Industrieller. Pullman verließ die Schule im Alter von 14 Jahren und wurde später einer … Deutsch Wikipedia
George Mortimer Pullman — George Pullman George Pullman, dans les années 1870. George Mortimer Pullman (3 mars 1831 à Brocton – 19 octobre 1897 à Chicago) est un inventeur et industriel … Wikipédia en Français
George Pullman — George M. Pullman George Mortimer Pullman (* 3. März, 1831 in Brocton; † 9. Oktober; 1897 in Chicago) war ein US amerikanischer Erfinder und Industrieller. Pullman verließ die Schule im Alter von 14 Jahren und wurde später einer der… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Pullman-Limousine — Die Artikel Stretch Limousine und Pullman Karosserie überschneiden sich thematisch. Hilf mit, die Artikel besser voneinander abzugrenzen oder zu vereinigen. Beteilige dich dazu an der Diskussion über diese Überschneidungen. Bitte entferne diesen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Pullman-Streik — Der Pullman Streik begann als wilder Streik am 11. Mai 1894, als etwa 50.000 Arbeiter der Pullman Palace Car Company im südlichen Stadtteil Pullman von Chicago, Illinois, ihre Arbeit verweigerten. Er weitete sich zum bis dahin größten… … Deutsch Wikipedia
George — /jawrj/, n. 1. a figure of St. George killing the dragon, esp. one forming part of the insignia of the Order of the Garter. 2. Brit. Slang. any coin bearing the image of St. George. 3. a word formerly used in communications to represent the… … Universalium
Pullman — (Voz inglesa.) ► sustantivo masculino 1 Coche de lujo en ciertas líneas de ferrocarril. 2 Autocar equipado con elementos de confort. * * * pullman (ingl.; pronunc. [púlman]) 1 m. Vagón de tren lujoso. 2 Autocar de lujo. * * * Pullman, George… … Enciclopedia Universal
George Pullman — Nacimiento 3 de marzo de 1831 Brocton, Nueva York … Wikipedia Español
Pullman — bezeichnet: Eine besondere Form der Stretch Limousine, siehe Pullman Karosserie Mercedes Benz Pullman, Repräsentationsfahrzeuge von Mercedes Benz Pullman (Auto), eine US amerikanische Automarke 1905 1917 Pullman Hotels and Resorts, Hotelkette der … Deutsch Wikipedia
Pullman (Washington) — Pullman Thompson Hall der Washington State University Lage im County und in Washington … Deutsch Wikipedia
